The Moscow Kremlin is one of the most iconic landmarks in Russia, rich in history, culture, and stunning architecture. Whether you’re a history enthusiast or simply looking to experience Moscow’s most important cultural site, a self-guided walking tour is a great way to explore the Kremlin at your own pace. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you navigate the Moscow Kremlin and make the most of your visit.
1. Start at the Kremlin’s Main Entrance: The Trinity Tower
Begin your tour at the Trinity Tower, one of the Kremlin’s most famous and oldest towers. It is the main entrance to the Kremlin, and it dates back to 1495. The Trinity Tower is an imposing structure that once served as a fortress and now stands as a historical and architectural marvel.
What to See:
- As you pass through the Trinity Tower, look out for the Kremlin’s iconic red brick walls and the 19th-century cannons that line the path. The tower itself offers a great photo opportunity, especially when paired with the stunning views of the surrounding area.
2. Visit the Cathedral Square
After entering through the Trinity Tower, head directly into the heart of the Kremlin — Cathedral Square. This square is home to several of the most important churches in the Kremlin, each showcasing intricate Russian Orthodox architecture.
What to See:
- Assumption Cathedral: This is where Russian tsars were traditionally crowned. It is an absolute must-see for its stunning interior frescoes, iconostasis, and historical significance.
- Annunciation Cathedral: Known for its beautiful golden domes, this cathedral served as the royal chapel. It is filled with iconography and religious art.
- Archangel Cathedral: The burial site for many Russian tsars, including Ivan the Terrible. The cathedral features exquisite frescoes and paintings.
Why It’s Fascinating:
- These cathedrals represent the fusion of Russian Orthodox religion and imperial power and showcase stunning Renaissance-inspired architecture. Each of the buildings within the square holds a unique story that reflects Russia’s royal past.
3. Explore the Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon
Next, make your way to two of the Kremlin’s most famous pieces of historical artillery: the Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon.
What to See:
- Tsar Bell: Weighing over 200 tons, this is the largest bell in the world. Though it was never rung due to cracking during a fire, it remains an important symbol of Russian craftsmanship and imperial ambition.
- Tsar Cannon: Cast in the 16th century, this enormous cannon is another symbol of Russian military strength. It weighs over 40 tons and is decorated with intricate carvings.
Why It’s Fascinating:
- Both the Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon represent the grandeur and technological advancement of Russia during the imperial era. Their size and intricate design make them not only impressive engineering feats but also symbols of the tsar’s power and influence.
4. Walk Through the Kremlin’s Gardens and Walls
Next, take a leisurely walk along the Kremlin’s gardens. These peaceful spaces offer an escape from the bustling square and provide stunning views of the Kremlin’s walls and towers.
What to See:
- Alexander Garden: This lush green garden, located on the western side of the Kremlin, offers great views of the Kremlin walls and Spasskaya Tower. It’s perfect for a peaceful stroll and to capture scenic photographs.
- Borovitsky Hill: From this area, you can enjoy panoramic views of Moscow and the Kremlin, giving you a new perspective on this historic fortress.
Why It’s Fascinating:
- The gardens surrounding the Kremlin are an important part of the Kremlin’s historical landscape, offering a blend of nature, history, and stunning views. They also serve as a serene place of reflection amid the historical significance of the Kremlin.
5. Explore the Kremlin Armoury
Now, head towards the Kremlin Armoury, one of the most important museums in Moscow. Located on the east side of the Kremlin, the Armoury Chamber houses an incredible collection of royal treasures, armaments, ceremonial regalia, and Russian artwork.
What to See:
- Crown Jewels: Marvel at the famous Imperial Crown used during Russian coronations and other royal regalia.
- Tsar’s Armour: The museum boasts a display of ornate armor and weaponry used by Russia’s rulers and military.
- Carriages and Swords: See the luxurious carriages used by Russian monarchs and swords from various historical periods.
Why It’s Fascinating:
- The Kremlin Armoury is one of the oldest museums in Russia and holds some of the most important artifacts from Russia’s imperial past, providing a window into the extravagance and history of Russian royalty.
6. Stop at the Grand Kremlin Palace
Walk towards the Grand Kremlin Palace, one of the most impressive buildings in the Kremlin complex. This palace served as the residence of Russian tsars and is now used for official events by the Russian president.
What to See:
- Palatial Rooms: The palace includes several grand rooms such as the Catherine Hall and the St. George Hall, each known for their exquisite architecture and interior decoration.
- State Ceremonies: While it’s not open to the public on a regular basis, you can sometimes attend official events or view the palace from the outside, where it still plays a major role in Russia’s political life.
Why It’s Fascinating:
- The Grand Kremlin Palace stands as a modern symbol of Russian power, built on the legacy of previous royal residences, and continues to be a center of state affairs.
7. Visit the Ivan the Great Bell Tower
Finally, make your way to the Ivan the Great Bell Tower, one of the most recognizable features of the Kremlin. The tower stands at a height of 81 meters and is an iconic part of Moscow’s skyline.
What to See:
- View of the City: Climb to the top of the bell tower to get a panoramic view of the Kremlin, Moscow, and the Moscow River.
- Bells and History: The tower houses several historic bells, including the largest bell in Russia, which dates back to the 16th century.
Why It’s Fascinating:
- The Ivan the Great Bell Tower offers an excellent view of the entire Kremlin complex and Moscow, giving you a final look at the historical significance of the site.
Conclusion
A self-guided walking tour of the Moscow Kremlin is a fascinating journey through Russia’s imperial and spiritual history. From the magnificent cathedrals and royal palaces to the grand gardens and iconic towers, the Kremlin offers an immersive experience into the past and present of Russian power. Whether you’re exploring its architecture, art, or royal relics, the Kremlin is a must-see destination that highlights Russia’s rich cultural and political legacy.