Returning to Russia after living abroad presents numerous challenges, not just for the parents, but also for their children. The transition for children of returnees can be particularly complex, as they may have grown accustomed to the culture, education system, and lifestyle of their host country. Moving back to Russia often involves adapting to new social norms, educational structures, and even language barriers. This article explores the various challenges faced by children of returnees in Russia, providing insight into the emotional, educational, and social adjustments they may experience, along with strategies to help them navigate these changes.
Emotional and Psychological Adjustments
One of the most significant challenges children face when returning to Russia is adjusting emotionally and psychologically. The experience of reverse culture shock can be just as intense for children as it is for adults, and they may have a harder time processing the changes.
1. Homesickness and Grief for the Past Life
For children who have spent a considerable amount of time abroad, returning to Russia can feel like losing a part of their identity. They may miss their friends, school experiences, and the lifestyle they had grown accustomed to in their host country. This grief can be compounded if they had developed a strong attachment to their life abroad, making the move back to Russia seem overwhelming.
2. Sense of Displacement
Children returning to Russia might feel displaced or out of place in their homeland. Even though Russia is their country of origin, they may struggle to feel a sense of belonging, especially if they spent a significant portion of their formative years abroad. The language, culture, and customs may seem unfamiliar or foreign to them, causing feelings of isolation.
3. Difficulty with Emotional Expression
In some cases, children might not fully express the emotional toll of the move. They may struggle to articulate their feelings of loss, confusion, and frustration, making it difficult for parents to understand their emotional state. This can lead to an internalized sense of distress, which may manifest as behavioral problems, withdrawal, or frustration.
Educational Challenges
One of the most immediate and visible challenges for children of returnees is adjusting to the Russian education system. The differences between the education systems in their host country and Russia can pose significant hurdles for returning children, particularly if they are at a crucial stage in their academic development.
1. Language Barriers
For children who were raised in a non-Russian-speaking country or who primarily spoke a foreign language, the language barrier can be a significant challenge when returning to Russia. Although many Russian schools offer language support for children returning from abroad, non-Russian-speaking children might struggle with the speed and complexity of the language. They may need additional time to catch up with their peers in subjects taught in Russian, such as literature, history, and social studies.
In addition to Russian language proficiency, children may also face difficulty understanding the cultural context of their education. For example, Russian textbooks and teaching methods may differ greatly from those in their host country, requiring a period of adaptation.
2. Adjusting to the Russian Curriculum
The Russian education system can also differ greatly from what children of returnees are used to. For example, Russian schools place a strong emphasis on rote memorization, while Western education systems often encourage independent thinking and creativity. Children may find the transition to the Russian school curriculum challenging, especially if they have grown accustomed to more interactive or project-based learning methods.
Moreover, the pace of the Russian curriculum can be demanding, and children might struggle to adjust to the rigorous expectations and testing culture. Subjects like mathematics and science might have different approaches or methods that require adaptation.
3. Social Integration in School
Adjusting to the social dynamics of Russian schools can be difficult for children of returnees. In many cases, children may feel disconnected from their classmates who have spent their entire lives in Russia. They may not be familiar with local slang, pop culture, or the subtle social cues that influence peer relationships. This can make it harder for children to form friendships and feel integrated into their new school environment.
Children who have attended schools abroad might also have a different level of academic preparation, making them feel either advanced or behind in comparison to their peers. They might find it challenging to fit into the existing peer group and might need extra support in building confidence and social skills.
4. Pressure to Catch Up
Returning children may face pressure to catch up academically with their Russian peers. This is especially true for children who have not attended Russian schools before or who have been away for an extended period. The pressure to perform academically in a foreign system, while simultaneously adjusting to cultural differences, can be overwhelming for many children.
Social and Cultural Integration
Beyond education, children of returnees often face challenges in adjusting to Russian social norms and cultural practices. These challenges can be particularly difficult for children who have spent significant time abroad and are more accustomed to a different way of life.
1. Cultural Differences and Expectations
Russia has its own set of social norms, values, and expectations, which may differ significantly from what children experienced abroad. For example, the social dynamics in Russia may be more hierarchical and formal, which can feel rigid compared to the more informal, egalitarian social structures of some Western countries.
Children may also struggle with the differences in family dynamics, gender roles, and community involvement. In Russia, the role of the family is often central to social life, and expectations around family obligations can be more stringent. Children who were accustomed to a different approach to family and social life might find it challenging to adjust to these cultural differences.
2. Fitting In with Peers
As mentioned, the transition to Russian school life can be difficult for children of returnees due to the language barrier and the challenge of fitting in socially. In addition, children may feel isolated from their peers due to the differences in cultural references, humor, and interests.
The challenge of making friends can be compounded if the child has grown up in a multicultural environment or one that encourages individual expression and inclusivity. They might find it difficult to adjust to the more conformist or group-oriented nature of social relationships in Russian schools.
3. Bullying or Exclusion
In some cases, children of returnees may face bullying or exclusion from peers due to their foreign background or their perceived “otherness.” They might be teased for their accents, clothing, or the way they speak about their experiences abroad. This can significantly affect their sense of self-worth and their ability to integrate into the local community.
It’s important to monitor children for signs of exclusion or bullying and address these issues early, as they can have long-lasting emotional effects.
Strategies for Supporting Children of Returnees
Parents of children returning to Russia can take proactive steps to help their children navigate the challenges of reintegration. By providing emotional support, understanding, and practical strategies, parents can help their children adjust more smoothly.
1. Provide Emotional Support
It’s crucial to acknowledge and validate the emotional struggles children may face when adjusting to life in Russia. Encourage open communication about their feelings and give them space to express their emotions. Children need to know that it’s okay to feel out of place or frustrated, and that these feelings are part of the adjustment process.
2. Enroll in Russian Language Programs
If your child is struggling with the Russian language, consider enrolling them in language programs or hiring a tutor who specializes in working with children returning from abroad. Many Russian schools offer additional language support for returnees, but supplementary classes can help accelerate the process.
3. Encourage Participation in Extracurricular Activities
Encouraging children to participate in extracurricular activities such as sports, music, or clubs can help them build social connections and integrate into their new environment. These activities offer opportunities for children to make new friends outside of the academic setting and develop a sense of belonging.
4. Stay Connected to the Global Community
While it’s important for children to integrate into Russian society, it’s also valuable for them to maintain connections to their international background. Keeping in touch with friends from abroad and participating in international groups or organizations can help children retain their sense of identity and support their ongoing personal growth.
5. Foster an Open-Minded and Flexible Attitude
Parents can help children develop a more flexible and open-minded attitude toward Russian culture. Encourage them to embrace the positive aspects of both their home and foreign cultures. This balanced approach can help children feel more comfortable with their dual identity and navigate the challenges of being a returnee with confidence.
Conclusion
Children of returnees in Russia face a unique set of challenges as they adjust to their new life. From emotional and psychological hurdles to educational and social integration, the process of reintegration can be complex and demanding. However, with the right support, understanding, and strategies, children can successfully adapt to their new environment. By acknowledging their difficulties, providing emotional and language support, and encouraging social and cultural engagement, parents can help their children thrive as they embrace their new life in Russia.