Saint Petersburg is a city rich in history, culture, and stunning architecture, and walking through its streets is like stepping back in time. From the opulent palaces and grand boulevards to the tranquil canals and majestic churches, the city’s historical landmarks offer a fascinating glimpse into Russia’s past. A walking tour is one of the best ways to explore Saint Petersburg, as it allows you to take in the beauty of the city at your own pace, while also immersing yourself in its stories. Here’s a guide to some of the most iconic historical landmarks in Saint Petersburg that you can explore on foot.
1. Palace Square and the Winter Palace
Historical Significance:
Palace Square is the heart of Saint Petersburg and one of the most famous landmarks in the city. This expansive square has witnessed many significant events in Russian history, including the 1917 Russian Revolution, when the Provisional Government was overthrown. The Winter Palace, which overlooks the square, served as the official residence of the Russian tsars for over a century and is now part of the world-renowned Hermitage Museum.
What to See:
- The Alexander Column: Standing in the center of Palace Square, the Alexander Column is a monument to Russia’s victory over Napoleon. The column’s impressive height and the statue of the archangel Michael on top make it a key feature of the square.
- Winter Palace: The Winter Palace is an architectural marvel with its Baroque-style façade, grand staircases, and opulent interiors. While the palace is now part of the Hermitage Museum, it remains one of the most recognizable buildings in Saint Petersburg.
- The General Staff Building: Across from the Winter Palace, the General Staff Building is a neoclassical masterpiece with a monumental arch and colonnade.
Walking Route:
Begin your tour at the Winter Palace and stroll through the expansive Palace Square, taking in the sights of the Alexander Column, the General Staff Building, and the surrounding palaces. Don’t forget to pause at the river embankment for a lovely view of the Neva River.
2. Nevsky Prospekt
Historical Significance:
Nevsky Prospekt is the main avenue of Saint Petersburg and one of the most famous streets in Russia. Lined with shops, cafes, churches, and historical buildings, it offers a vibrant glimpse of the city’s past and present. Walking along Nevsky Prospekt allows you to see the blend of imperial grandeur with modern-day life.
What to See:
- Kazanskiy Cathedral: This neoclassical cathedral, inspired by St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome, is one of the most important religious sites in Saint Petersburg. Its grand colonnade and central dome are among the highlights.
- The Singer House (House of Books): A beautifully restored building with Art Nouveau details, the Singer House is a must-see for architecture enthusiasts. It is home to one of the city’s largest bookstores, which is a perfect place to browse after your tour.
- Anichkov Bridge: The bridge spans the Fontanka River and is adorned with sculptures of horse tamers, a well-known symbol of Saint Petersburg.
Walking Route:
Start at the Alexander Nevsky Monastery and make your way down Nevsky Prospekt towards Kazanskiy Cathedral. Continue strolling past the bustling shops and cafes, and make sure to stop at the Singer House and Anichkov Bridge.
3. The Peter and Paul Fortress
Historical Significance:
The Peter and Paul Fortress is the birthplace of Saint Petersburg. Founded by Peter the Great in 1703, it was initially a military stronghold and later became a site of political imprisonment. The fortress is also home to the Peter and Paul Cathedral, where many Russian tsars are buried.
What to See:
- Peter and Paul Cathedral: This cathedral is the final resting place of most of Russia’s imperial family, including Tsar Nicholas II and his family. The cathedral’s spire is the tallest in the city, and its interior is adorned with frescoes and gold leaf.
- The Fortress Walls and Bastions: The fortress walls, with their imposing towers and gates, offer a glimpse into the past military history of Saint Petersburg.
- The Trubetskoy Bastion: This bastion was used as a prison during the 18th and 19th centuries and is now home to a museum about the fortress’s history.
Walking Route:
Start your tour at the main entrance of the fortress, near the Neva River. Visit the Peter and Paul Cathedral, walk along the fortress walls, and explore the Trubetskoy Bastion. Be sure to take in the views from the riverside as you walk around the fortress.
4. The Hermitage Museum and Alexander Gardens
Historical Significance:
The Hermitage Museum, housed in the Winter Palace and adjacent buildings, is one of the largest and most prestigious art museums in the world. The museum’s collection includes works by masters like Leonardo da Vinci, Rembrandt, and Michelangelo. The Alexander Gardens, located nearby, are one of the oldest public parks in the city.
What to See:
- The Hermitage Museum: Take a walk through the museum’s many galleries, including the General Staff Building, the Winter Palace, and the Small Hermitage, each housing remarkable collections of art and historical artifacts.
- The Alexander Gardens: The Alexander Gardens are a peaceful oasis with beautiful flowerbeds, fountains, and statues. It’s a great place to relax after a visit to the Hermitage.
- The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier: Located in the Alexander Gardens, this memorial commemorates the Russian soldiers who died in the Great Patriotic War (World War II).
Walking Route:
Start your tour at the entrance of the Hermitage Museum. After exploring the museum, walk through the Alexander Gardens, stopping to admire the flowers, fountains, and memorials. Enjoy the peaceful atmosphere of this historic park.
5. The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood
Historical Significance:
The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood is one of the most iconic and beautiful churches in Saint Petersburg. Built on the site where Tsar Alexander II was assassinated, it is a memorial to his death and a stunning example of Russian Revival architecture.
What to See:
- The Mosaics: The church is adorned with over 7,000 square meters of mosaics, covering nearly every surface of the interior. The mosaics depict scenes from the life of Christ, the Last Judgment, and other biblical events.
- The Onion Domes: The church’s colorful onion domes are one of its most striking features, with intricate patterns and golden crosses on top. These domes stand as a symbol of Russian Orthodox architecture.
- The Altarpiece: The altarpiece is a masterpiece, featuring exquisite detail and biblical iconography, reflecting the grandeur of Russian religious art.
Walking Route:
Begin your tour at the Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood, and take time to admire the exterior. Inside, focus on the intricate mosaics and the ornate altarpiece. Afterward, take a walk along the nearby Griboedov Canal for great views of the church.
6. Smolny Cathedral and Monastery
Historical Significance:
Smolny Cathedral and its accompanying monastery are among the most beautiful Baroque architectural sites in Saint Petersburg. Built by Bartolomeo Rastrelli, the same architect behind the Winter Palace, Smolny Cathedral was originally intended to be part of a convent for noblewomen.
What to See:
- Baroque Architecture: The cathedral’s blue-and-white exterior, adorned with golden details, is a stunning example of Russian Baroque style. Its grand dome and columns create an imposing yet graceful appearance.
- The Interior: The cathedral’s interior features intricate detailing, including frescoes and gilded icons, giving it an air of opulence and spirituality.
- The Smolny Monastery: The monastery complex, which includes the cathedral, a bell tower, and various auxiliary buildings, is a peaceful spot that reflects the grandeur of Russian religious history.
Walking Route:
Start your tour by admiring the exterior of Smolny Cathedral and then explore the monastery grounds. Visit the interior to see the Baroque-style altarpiece and frescoes, and finish with a walk through the surrounding gardens.
7. The Admiralty
Historical Significance:
The Admiralty is one of the most famous landmarks in Saint Petersburg, located near the Neva River. It was originally built as the headquarters of the Russian Navy and has since become an enduring symbol of the city.
What to See:
- The Golden Spire: The Admiralty’s towering golden spire, which rises above the city’s skyline, is one of the most recognizable features of Saint Petersburg. It symbolizes the city’s maritime heritage and is an essential part of the city’s architectural history.
- The Building’s Facade: The Admiralty’s neoclassical façade, with its elegant columns and decorative detailing, reflects the grandeur of Russian imperial architecture.
Walking Route:
Begin your tour at the Admiralty and take in the golden spire and the neoclassical details of the building. Walk along the embankment for views of the river and nearby landmarks such as the Winter Palace and the Peter and Paul Fortress.
Conclusion
Saint Petersburg is a city rich in history and architectural splendor, and its walking tours offer an unparalleled opportunity to explore its most iconic landmarks. Whether you’re wandering through the grandiose Palace Square, marveling at the mosaics of the Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood, or exploring the imperial palaces along the Neva River, these historical sites provide a deep connection to the city’s past. Walking through the streets of Saint Petersburg is an immersive experience that will transport you to a time of imperial grandeur, revolution, and artistic brilliance.
